Ad Hominem

Question

Ad Hominem

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Ad hominem is a logical fallacy that attacks the person making an argument rather than addressing the argument’s substance. The correct response is: attacks the character of the person rather than his or her argument.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Informal fallacies: errors in reasoning that occur because of irrelevant or inappropriate appeals.
- Ad hominem fallacy: a subtype of informal fallacy where one rejects or discredits an argument by attacking the arguer’s character, motive, or other personal traits rather than engaging the argument’s claims or evidence.
- Distinction between relevant critique and fallacy: questioning credibility or bias can be legitimate if it directly bears on the evidence or trustworthiness; ad hominem is fallacious when the personal attack is irrelevant to the argument’s merits.

2. Step-by-step reasoning
- Identify the term “ad hominem”: Latin for “to the person.”
- Determine what that label indicates: it points away from the argument to the person.
- Map the phrase “attacks the character of the person rather than his or her argument” directly onto the definition: an ad hominem shifts focus from claim to claimant, which is exactly a character attack instead of logical rebuttal.

3. Calculations or intermediate steps
- No numerical calculations are required. The logical mapping is direct: ad hominem → personal attack on arguer → fails to address argument content.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- The phrase provided precisely captures the essence of ad hominem: the fallacy targets personality, history, or attributes of the speaker rather than engaging the premises or supporting evidence. That is the canonical textbook definition.

5. Why other options would be incorrect
- Although no alternative options are listed here, common distractors include: “refutes the argument” (wrong because ad hominem avoids refutation), “straw man” (misrepresents the argument rather than attacking the person), and “appeal to authority” (cites an authority instead of attacking a person). Each of these differs in mechanism and so would not match the definition of ad hominem.

6. Conclusion
The provided answer—attacks the character of the person rather than his or her argument—accurately and exactly defines ad hominem, so the final answer matches the authoritative solution.

Ad Hominem单项选择题

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