NaCl (sodium chloride) is formed by a(n)

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Question restatement: NaCl (sodium chloride) is formed by a(n)

Option 1: hydrogen bond. This is incorrect because hydrogen bonds occur when a hydrogen atom is lightly bonded to highly electronegative atoms like N, O, or F in separate molecules; NaCl is an ionic compound, not a hydrogen-bonded structure.

Option 2: covalent bond. A covalent bond involves sharing electrons between atoms. In NaCl, sodium donates an electron and chlorine accepts it, creating ions rather than a shared electron pair, so this option mischaracterizes the bonding.

Option 3: van der Waals interaction. Van der Waals forces are weak, noncovalent forces between neutral molecules or atoms. NaCl’s bonding is much stronger and is driven by ionic attraction, not by these weak dispersion or dipole interactions.

Option 4: ionic bond. This is the correct description: NaCl forms via transfer of an electron from sodium to chlorine, resulting in Na+ and Cl− ions held together by strong electrostatic attractions in an ionic lattice. The concept highlights the fundamental difference from covalent sharing and from noncovalent interactions like hydrogen bonds or van der Waals forces.

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