Which of the molecules below would you expect to have the highest boiling point?[Fill in the blank]

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonding capacity primarily determines these molecules’ boiling points, and Molecule A has the strongest hydrogen-bonding ability.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Boiling point depends on strength of intermolecular forces: hydrogen bonding > dipole–dipole > London dispersion.  
- Alcohols (–OH) can both donate and accept hydrogen bonds; ethers (R–O–R) can only accept (no H donors).  
- Greater number of H-bond donors/acceptors and more linear (less branched) shape increase effective intermolecular attraction and raise boiling point.

2. Step-by-step reasoning
- Identify functional groups in each structure:
  - A: two hydroxyl groups (a diol). Has two H-bond donors and two acceptors per molecule.
  - B: two ether linkages (dialkyl ether). No H-bond donors, only acceptors.
  - C: an ether with branching (tertiary or branched alkyl ether). No H-bond donors; more branched reduces surface contact.
  - D: one hydroxyl and one ether (a hydroxy ether). One H-bond donor and one acceptor.
- Compare ability to form strong intermolecular hydrogen-bond networks: A > D > (B, C).

3. Intermediate “counts” and comparisons
- H-bond donors: A = 2, D = 1, B = 0, C = 0.
- H-bond acceptors: A ≥ D ≥ B ≈ C.  
- Branching effect: C is more branched than B (less surface area), so C will have weaker London forces than B of similar size.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- Molecule A, as a diol, can form multiple strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds per molecule, producing the largest cohesive forces and thus the highest boiling point among the choices.

5. Why the other options are incorrect
- D (one –OH) has hydrogen bonding but only one donor, so lower bp than A.  
- B and C (ethers) lack H-bond donors; their boiling points rely on weaker dipole and dispersion forces. Between B and C, the more branched C has weaker dispersion forces and thus the lowest bp.

6. Conclusion
- Therefore Molecule A has the highest boiling point. This matches the provided answer: a. Molecule A.

Which of the molecules below would you expect to have the highest boiling point?[Fill in the blank]单项选择题

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Which of the molecules below would you expect to have the highest boiling point?[Fill in the blank]单项选择题

类似问题

Alcohols can:[Fill in the blank]

Which of the following statements is true?[Fill in the blank]

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更多留学生实用工具

希望你的学习变得更简单

When the molecules of ethanol, C2H5OH, are added to water, the ethanol molecules . 当乙醇分子 C 2 H 5 OH 加入水中时，乙醇分子会。