One of the drawbacks to utilitarian method of ethical reasoning is that:

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks us to identify a drawback commonly associated with the utilitarian method of ethical reasoning.
Option 1: 'The majority may override the rights of those in the minority.' This reflects a well-known critique of utilitarianism: in focusing on maximizing overall happiness or welfare, the rights or welfare of minority groups can be sacrificed if doing so increases the total good. It highlights a potential fairness and justice concern central to many ethical debates.
Option 2: 'Managers using this reasoning process often fail to consider the means taken to reach the end.' While some critiques of utilitarianism point to the ends justifying the means, the core utilitarian framework is primarily concerned with consequences rather than rule-based means. This option suggests a more deontological flaw, which is not the strongest classic drawback of utilitarian reasoning.
Option 3: 'This reasoning process is not a thoroughly developed ethical system of rules and guidelines.' Utilitarianism is indeed a developed consequentialist theory with clear guidelines about evaluating actions by their outcomes (happiness/welfare). While it may lack rigid universal rules, describing it as not a thoroughly developed system misstates its status as a formal ethical theory.
Option 4: 'Cost-benefit calculations can only be provided by accountants.' This is a pragmatic claim about who performs calculations rather than a philosophical drawback of utilitarianism. In any case, utilitarianism itself is not limited to accountants; cost-benefit analysis can be conducted in various ways by different stakeholders.
Overall, option 1 directly captures the central ethical tension often cited in utilitarian critiques, while the other options describe concerns that are not core or are mischaracterizations of the theory.

One of the drawbacks to utilitarian method of ethical reasoning is that:单项选择题

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