Which of the following is a symptom of a manic episode?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Grandiosity is a classic symptom of a manic episode and reflects an inflated sense of self-importance or abilities.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- DSM-5 criteria for a manic episode include a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and increased goal-directed activity or energy. Associated symptoms commonly include inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for sleep (not hypersomnia), pressured speech (rapid, not slowed), increased energy and activity (not hypoactivity), racing thoughts, distractibility, and involvement in risky behaviors.

2. Step-by-step reasoning
- Compare each option to typical manic symptoms:
  a) Slowed speech — mania is typically marked by pressured or rapid speech, the opposite of slowed speech.
  b) Hypoactive behavior — mania involves increased activity/psychomotor agitation, so hypoactivity is inconsistent.
  c) Hypersomnia — mania usually involves decreased need for sleep (sleep less but feel rested), so hypersomnia is opposite.
  d) Grandiosity — inflated self-esteem or grand ideas is explicitly listed in DSM criteria as a core symptom.

3. Calculations/intermediate steps
- No numerical calculations are needed. The “intermediate steps” are the logical comparisons of each choice against DSM-5 symptom criteria described above.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- Grandiosity directly matches the DSM-5 descriptor “inflated self-esteem or grandiosity,” and is frequently observed in manic episodes as patients may believe they have special powers, wealth, or importance beyond reality.

5. Why the other options are incorrect
- a) Slowed speech corresponds to psychomotor retardation seen in depression, not mania.
- b) Hypoactive behavior contradicts the increased goal-directed activity in mania.
- c) Hypersomnia (excessive sleep) is characteristic of some depressive episodes, whereas mania causes decreased need for sleep.

6. Conclusion
- Therefore the correct choice is d. Grandiosity, which matches the provided answer.

Which of the following is a symptom of a manic episode?单项选择题

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