The DSM-5 and the ICD-11 differ in their approach to diagnosing Personality Disorders because....

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

DSM-5 retains a categorical system of ten named Personality Disorder (PD) diagnoses, whereas ICD-11 replaces the many discrete PD types with a single Personality Disorder diagnosis that is specified by severity and by dimensional trait qualifiers.

Relevant knowledge points:
- DSM-5 (official/main text) preserves the traditional categorical model listing 10 PDs (e.g., borderline, antisocial, narcissistic), although an alternative hybrid dimensional model appears in Section III for research.
- ICD-11 adopts a dimensional approach: one PD category graded by severity (mild, moderate, severe) plus trait domain qualifiers (Negative affectivity, Detachment, Dissociality, Disinhibition, Anankastia) and an optional borderline pattern specifier.
- Both systems require enduring, pervasive patterns and involve self/interpersonal dysfunction as central to diagnosis.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Compare DSM-5: the main DSM-5 manual continues to list 10 separate PD diagnoses — categorical approach.
2. Compare ICD-11: replaced multiple discrete PD types with a single PD diagnosis and uses trait qualifiers and severity levels to describe presentation — dimensional approach.
3. Evaluate each answer choice against these facts:
   - (b) correctly captures the DSM-5 maintaining 10 PD diagnoses and ICD-11 creating a single PD diagnosis with specified personality traits. This matches current classification changes in ICD-11.
   - (a) is incorrect because ICD-11 does not state a 6-month minimum for diagnosis; it requires a pervasive, stable pattern that typically begins in adolescence/early adulthood and is enduring, not an arbitrary 6-month rule.
   - (c) is wrong: DSM-5 historically groups PDs into clusters (A, B, C); ICD-11 does not use those clusters.
   - (d) is false because ICD-11 specifically emphasizes self and interpersonal dysfunction as core to diagnosing a personality disorder.

Why (b) is correct: it succinctly and accurately summarizes the key systemic difference—DSM-5’s retained categorical list versus ICD-11’s single-diagnosis, trait-specified dimensional model.

Conclusion: The correct answer is (b), which matches the provided answer.

The DSM-5 and the ICD-11 differ in their approach to diagnosing Personality Disorders because....单项选择题

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