Which renal hormone contributes primarily to water reabsorption?[Fill in the blank]

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks which renal hormone contributes primarily to water reabsorption.
Option a: Aldosterone. This hormone promotes reabsorption of sodium in the distal tubule and collecting ducts, which secondarily increases water reabsorption due to osmotic effects, but its primary action is sodium handling rather than direct water absorption. So it is not the best answer for direct water reabsorption.
Option b: Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin). Vasopressin acts on the collecting ducts to insert aquaporin-2 water channels, significantly increasing water permeability and reabsorption from the filtrate. This direct mechanism makes vasopressin the principal regulator of water reabsorption in the kidneys, especially in response to plasma osmolality and volume status.
Option c: Atrial-natriuretic peptide. ANP reduces blood volume by promoting natriuresis (sodium excretion) and diuresis; it tends to oppose water reabsorption, leading to increased urine output. Therefore, it does not contribute to water reabsorption.
Option d: Renin. Renin is part of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, influencing blood pressure and sodium balance indirectly; its primary effect is to regulate angiotensin II production and aldosterone release, not direct water reabsorption. Thus, it’s not the main driver of water reabsorption.
In summary, among the listed hormones, vasopressin is the key regulator causing direct water reabsorption in the collecting ducts, aligning with the question’s focus on water handling rather than electrolyte handling alone.

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