According to the World Cancer Research Fund, supplements of nutrients

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) advises against using nutrient supplements to prevent cancer; their guidance emphasizes meeting nutrient needs through a healthy diet rather than routine supplementation.

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- WCRF/AICR’s evidence-based guidance on cancer prevention is based on systematic reviews of observational studies and randomized trials.
- High-quality trials (e.g., ATBC, CARET) found that some supplements (like high-dose beta-carotene) increased cancer risk in certain groups.
- Overall evidence shows no consistent protective effect of supplements against cancer; food-based diets are preferred.

2) Step-by-step reasoning
- WCRF examined the totality of evidence on supplements and cancer outcomes.
- Randomized trials and meta-analyses did not demonstrate that routine supplements reduce cancer risk; some showed harm.
- Because of lack of benefit and potential risks, WCRF’s recommendation is to avoid using supplements for cancer prevention and to focus on diet and lifestyle.

3) Intermediate points / evidence
- Trials such as ATBC and CARET demonstrated increased lung cancer with beta-carotene in smokers, illustrating potential harm from isolated high-dose supplements.
- Systematic reviews compiled by WCRF conclude that supplements do not reliably lower cancer incidence, so they are not a substitute for a healthy diet.

4) Why the correct answer is correct
- The WCRF explicitly states supplements are not recommended for cancer prevention; this conclusion follows from the absence of protective effects in randomized trials and the presence of some adverse findings.

5) Why other options are incorrect
- (a) Incorrect: WCRF has commented and issued guidance.
- (b) Incorrect: They are not “undecided”; they provide a clear recommendation.
- (d) Incorrect: They do not recommend routine supplement use to prevent cancer.

6) Conclusion
- The correct answer is c. Are not recommended, which matches the provided answer.

According to the World Cancer Research Fund, supplements of nutrients单项选择题

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