Question at position 9 Perceived obsolescence is a term where consumers feel compelled to always have the latest device because it is the expected thing to do, even though their current device works fine. Which institutional force does this represent?NormativeCognitiveRegulatory单项选择题
A
Normative
B
Cognitive
C
Regulatory

Question

Question at position 9 Perceived obsolescence is a term where consumers feel compelled to always have the latest device because it is the expected thing to do, even though their current device works fine. Which institutional force does this represent?NormativeCognitiveRegulatory单项选择题

A

Normative

B

Cognitive

C

Regulatory

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Perceived obsolescence reflects social expectations and pressures to replace perfectly functional products because others expect or value the latest model — this is a normative institutional force.

1) Relevant concepts:
- Institutional theory identifies three institutional "pillars": regulative (laws, rules, sanctions), normative (social norms, values, roles, obligations), and cognitive (shared, taken‑for‑granted beliefs and frames that make behavior seem natural or inevitable).
- Perceived obsolescence: consumers feel compelled to upgrade due to social expectations, status signaling, or what is considered appropriate behavior.

2) Step‑by‑step reasoning:
- Step 1: Define the phenomenon: consumers replace working devices mainly because it is expected or fashionable to have the newest device.
- Step 2: Match to institutional pillars:
  - Regulative: involves formal rules, laws, or penalties. Perceived obsolescence is not driven by law or formal sanctions, so this pillar does not fit.
  - Cognitive: covers deep, taken‑for‑granted assumptions and shared frameworks that make actions seem natural. While cognitive factors can shape consumption indirectly, perceived obsolescence emphasizes social expectation and obligation rather than purely unquestioned cognitive schemas.
  - Normative: centers on social norms, values, and expectations about appropriate behavior (what people should do) — exactly the mechanism behind wanting the latest device to conform or signal status.

3) Intermediate logic: because the driver is social obligation/expectation (“everyone else has it; I should too”), the correct mapping is to the normative pillar. There are no legal rules (excluding regulative), and the behavior is socially prescribed rather than solely an unconscious cognitive schema.

4) Why the correct answer is correct:
- Normative explains peer pressure, social values, and role expectations that compel upgrading. Perceived obsolescence is a classic example of normative influence on consumption.

5) Why other options are incorrect:
- Regulatory: wrong because no laws or formal sanctions force consumers to buy new devices.
- Cognitive: less appropriate because the emphasis is on socially prescribed behavior and norms, not on deep tacit frameworks that render the behavior inevitable.

Conclusion: The institutional force represented by perceived obsolescence is Normative, which matches the provided answer.

Question at position 9 Perceived obsolescence is a term where consumers feel compelled to always have the latest device because it is the expected thing to do, even though their current device works fine. Which institutional force does this represent?NormativeCognitiveRegulatory单项选择题

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