A5. A company notices that actual costs exceed planned costs and investigates the reasons. This reflects the role of:未知题型
A
Planning
B
Leading
C
Organizing
D
Controlling

Question

A5. A company notices that actual costs exceed planned costs and investigates the reasons. This reflects the role of:

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Controlling in management is the function that monitors performance, compares actual results with plans, diagnoses deviations, and initiates corrective action.

Relevant knowledge points and concepts:
- Four primary management functions: Planning (setting goals and plans), Organizing (arranging resources and structure), Leading (motivating and directing people), and Controlling (monitoring, measuring, and correcting performance).
- Variance analysis: comparing actual performance to planned (budgeted) performance and investigating causes of any variances.
- Corrective action: steps taken to bring performance back in line with plans.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. The company observes that actual costs exceed planned costs. This observation is the monitoring phase: actual vs. planned is being compared.
2. Detecting a variance (actual > planned) triggers an investigation into root causes—this is diagnostic activity typical of controlling.
3. After investigation, managers would identify corrective measures (e.g., cost controls, process changes, budget revisions) and implement them to align future costs with the plan.
4. The cycle continues: after corrective action, performance is again monitored to ensure effectiveness.

Why the correct answer is correct:
- The described sequence (notice variance, investigate reasons) is the essence of the controlling function—continuous measurement, comparison, analysis, and corrective action to ensure organizational objectives are met.

Why other options are incorrect:
- Planning sets the cost estimates and budgets in the first place but does not refer to investigating why actuals deviated after the fact.
- Organizing arranges tasks, authority, and resources; it does not primarily involve detecting and diagnosing performance variances.
- Leading (or directing) is about motivating and guiding employees; it might be involved in implementing solutions but is not the function of monitoring and investigating cost variances.

Conclusion: The activity of noticing actual costs exceed planned costs and investigating reasons is the controlling function. This confirms the provided answer: Controlling.

A5. A company notices that actual costs exceed planned costs and investigates the reasons. This reflects the role of:未知题型

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