Study the authentic examples of faulty logic from student essays below on the left. Then match them with their corresponding types on the right. 1: According to convincing research, good teaching strategies can overcome lazy students’ challenges. 2: The taxes paid by immigrants are a considerable amount of income to the government. Immigration always creates a positive contribution to governments because immigrants are paying taxes lifelong, which means the government can rely on them to balance their financial situation. 3: Ukraine, a developing country in Europe, by implementing solar energy, has saved a total of 3 billion dollars from importing resources from Russia (Costa, 2019, p.1). By not being dependent on another nation's resources, developing countries can save much money to be later invested in the country's infrastructures such as hospitals, factories, and schools. By developing these infrastructures, the country can attract foreign investments. These foreign companies' investments in local workers and products will encourage those companies to train and maybe hire some of the workers. As more workers are employed, the employment rate increases, bringing more money to the country to invest more in infrastructures to get more money, improving the economy. 4: Nuclear power is claimed to be safe because there is very little chance for an accident to happen, but little chance does not have the same meaning as safety. Riccio (2013), a news reporter from the Wisconsin State Journal, holds a strong opinion against the use of nuclear energy and constructions of nuclear power plants because he believes that the safety features do not meet the latest standards. 5: By creating more jobs in the economy, immigrants are helping the economy of the U.S. to grow richer. Therefore, not allowing them will only prevent the economy from expanding.匹配题

A

False authority

B

Loaded words

C

Generalization

D

Slippery slope

E

Either/or

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Match each term with its definition: 1: When a speaker skips to a new or irrelevant topic in order to avoid the topic of discussion 2: A fallacy that attack the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute 3: Occurs when a comparison is made between 2 things that are not truly comparable in a meaningful way 4: Occurs when someone misrepresents or oversimplifies an opponent's argument to make it easier to attack. Instead of engaging with the real argument, they distort it into a weaker version and refute that instead. 5: Occurs when an argument presents only two options as if they are the only possibilities when, in reality, there are more choices available 6: Cccurs when someone makes a broad conclusion based on insufficient or limited evidence 7: Occurs when the writer repeats the claim as a way to provide evidence, resulting in no evidence at all 8: occurs when someone assumes that because one event happened before another, the first event must have caused the second 9: Occurs when someone cites an authority figure who is not actually an expert on the topic being discussed 10: Argues something must be true, good, or desirable simply because many people believe or do it

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