关于19世纪早期冰河时代理论的历史和发展，下列哪项陈述是错误的？

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

早在19世纪早期之前，自然学家和地质学家就已注意到所谓“冰川沉积物”与“水沉积物”在形态与成分上的显著差异。具体识别特征包括：冰川沉积（如冰碛物、基碛、散布巨砾）通常无层理、成分混杂且含有巨大不规则巨砾；而水成沉积（河流、海洋）常表现为分选良好、按粒径分层、砾石圆磨且有层理。与此同时，冰蚀痕（刻痕与抛光面）和冰碛线等地貌也早被记载，如霍拉斯-贝内迪克特·德·索苏尔（Horace-Bénédict de Saussure）在18世纪末对勃朗峰地区冰川的观察，以及瑞士工程师伊格纳茨·维内茨（Ignaz Venetz）在1820年代提出的大范围冰川运动证据。

推理步骤：1) 列举可区分两类沉积的具体证据（无层理 vs 分层、巨砾与良好分选、刻痕与圆砾等）；2) 指出这些证据在19世纪早期已有记录与讨论（如索苏尔、维内茨的观察）；3) 区分“识别差异”与“提出冰河期机制”两件事：前者是基于现场观察的描述性认识，后者是说明这些现象成因的理论化解释；4) 说明真正的冰河时代理论由沙邦梯耶（Jean de Charpentier）与路易·阿加西（Louis Agassiz）等人在1830s–1840s系统提出并推广。

因此陈述“直到冰河时代理论出现后，科学家们才第一次意识到冰沉积物与水沉积物截然不同”是错误的。科学界在理论确立之前已识别出两类沉积的不同，只是早期对成因存在争议（如认为是大洪水或海成作用）。题目给出的答案与此推理一致，故该选项为错误陈述。

关于19世纪早期冰河时代理论的历史和发展，下列哪项陈述是错误的？单项选择题

类似问题

16.The man who wrote "Essay on the Principal of Population" (1798) that influenced Darwin's development of his theory fo natural selection was

This scientist died in prison. His books regarding vitalism were burned twice:

Which of these was written by Galileo?

He made observations of the angle of the Sun with respect to zenith (overhead) at different latitudes which enabled him to accurately calculate the circumference of the Earth.

Ulugh Beg and Maragheh are

Which of the following did Eratosthenes NOT need or use in his attempt to calculate the Earth’s circumference in the 3rd century BCE?

How would you describe the reaction of the physics community to Einstein's revolutionary ideas when they were first published?

Based on the film watched in class, many groundbreaking researchers were killed from exposure to radiation.

更多留学生实用工具

智能学习助手

风格化写作助手

论文查重助手

文献引用助手

课堂转译助手

课堂笔记助手

Quiz搜索助手

学校历年真题

智能刷题助手

智能匹配练习

希望你的学习变得更简单