What is the function of the organelle indicated by the number 8?

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Question

What is the function of the organelle indicated by the number 8?

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BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for delivery to their destinations, so "Protein modification and export" is correct.

Relevant knowledge points and concepts:
- The secretory pathway in eukaryotic cells: proteins synthesized on ribosomes attached to the rough ER are transferred in transport vesicles to the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi performs post‑translational modifications (e.g., glycosylation, proteolytic cleavage), sorts cargo, and packages it into vesicles for secretion or delivery to lysosomes or the plasma membrane.
- Golgi structure: characteristic stacked, flattened membranous cisternae with many small budding vesicles at its edges; usually located near the nucleus and rough ER.

Step‑by‑step reasoning using the image:
1. Visual identification: the organelle labeled 8 in the diagram is a series of flattened, stacked sacs with small round vesicles nearby — the classic morphology of the Golgi apparatus (cisternae plus budding vesicles).
2. Positional cue: label 8 sits adjacent to a network of membranous sheets studded with dots (the rough ER), consistent with the Golgi receiving vesicles from the ER.
3. Functional inference: because the Golgi is the organelle that receives newly made proteins from the rough ER, modifies them, and sends them out in vesicles, the function that best matches the structure and location is protein modification and export.

Why the other options are incorrect:
- The generation of chemical energy describes mitochondria (double membrane and internal cristae), not the flattened stacks shown at 8.
- Detoxification of reactive oxygen species is primarily the role of peroxisomes (small spherical organelles with specific enzymes), unlike the stacked cisternae at 8.
- Photosynthesis is performed by chloroplasts (thylakoid membranes and grana), organelles found in plant cells; the pictured organelle is neither a chloroplast nor performing photosynthesis.

Conclusion: The organelle labeled 8 is the Golgi apparatus, whose primary role is protein modification and export, confirming the provided correct answer: "Protein modification and export."

What is the function of the organelle indicated by the number 8? View image here Links to an external site.单项选择题

类似问题

Which organelle acts as the "post office" of the cell, modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins for transport?

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