What decade saw the passage of more than 27 major federal laws for environmental protection, the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)?单项选择题
A
1950s
B
1960s
C
1970s
D
1980s

Question

What decade saw the passage of more than 27 major federal laws for environmental protection, the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)?单项选择题

A

1950s

B

1960s

C

1970s

D

1980s

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The 1970s saw the concentrated enactment of landmark U.S. environmental policy, including the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA).

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- NEPA: signed into law January 1, 1970, establishing a national environmental policy and requiring environmental impact statements for major federal actions.
- EPA: established by presidential reorganization plan and began operations in December 1970 to consolidate federal environmental responsibilities.
- Major federal environmental statutes: a cluster of foundation laws were passed in the early-to-mid 1970s (e.g., Clean Air Act amendments of 1970, Clean Water Act 1972, Endangered Species Act 1973, Safe Drinking Water Act 1974, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 1976, Toxic Substances Control Act 1976), accounting collectively for more than 27 major federal measures enacted around that time.

2. Step-by-step reasoning
- Identify the dates of the two named milestones: NEPA (1970) and EPA formation (1970). Both are definitively in 1970.
- Survey the timeline of key statutes: many principal environmental laws were enacted between 1970 and 1979.
- The phrase “more than 27 major federal laws” refers to the surge in federal environmental legislation concentrated in this decade.

3. Intermediate steps / evidence points
- NEPA signed: Jan 1, 1970.
- EPA established: December 1970.
- Clean Air Act amendments: 1970; Clean Water Act: 1972; Endangered Species Act: 1973; Safe Drinking Water Act: 1974; RCRA & TSCA: 1976 — demonstrating multiple major laws within the 1970s.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- Both the institutional creations (NEPA and EPA) and the bulk of the listed major federal statutes occurred in the 1970s, making that decade the clear period when over 27 major environmental laws were passed and the EPA/NEPA were established.

5. Why the other options are incorrect
- 1950s: only early, limited air pollution statutes existed; no EPA or NEPA.
- 1960s: growing awareness and a few laws, but NEPA and EPA were not yet established and the volume of major statutes did not reach 27.
- 1980s: some important actions occurred (e.g., amendments, Superfund in 1980), but the foundational surge and the establishment of EPA/NEPA were already completed in the 1970s.

6. Conclusion
The decade in question is the 1970s, which matches the provided answer: 1970s.

What decade saw the passage of more than 27 major federal laws for environmental protection, the establishment of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)?单项选择题

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