Metronidazole is cleared by both renal and hepatic clearance mechanisms and inhibits several enzymes including CYP2C9, CYP3A4 and aldehyde dehydrogenase. Based on the following information, which of the following people would be most likely to suffer toxicity when undergoing treatment with metronidazole?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks which individual would be most likely to suffer toxicity from metronidazole, given its clearance pathways and enzyme inhibition.
Option a: Homer, a middle-aged man that is a chronic alcoholic. This choice is most plausible for toxicity because chronic alcohol use is commonly associated with liver disease and impaired hepatic function, which can reduce hepatic clearance of drugs like metronidazole. Metronidazole also inhibits several enzymes (CYP2C9, CYP3A4, and aldehyde dehydrogenase), and concurrent liver impairment can increase drug exposure and risk of adverse effects.
Option b: Bart, a healthy 10-year-old boy. In a healthy child, renal and hepatic clearance are typically more robust than in an adult with chronic liver disease, so the risk of metronidazole toxicity due to organ impairment would be lower compared to someone with hepatic compromise.
Option c: Selma, a middle-aged lady that smokes heavily. Smoking status can influence certain enzyme activities, but there is no specific indication here that would cause significant hepatic impairment or reduced metronidazole clearance beyond normal adult variation. Therefore, this option does not predict a high toxicity risk over someone with known liver disease.
Option d: Apu, a middle-aged man of Asian origin. Ethnicity alone does not reliably predict metronidazole toxicity risk unless tied to a pharmacogenetic profile or organ dysfunction. Without evidence of hepatic or renal impairment, this option is less likely to result in marked toxicity.
In summary, the key factors for toxicity with metronidazole in this scenario are impaired hepatic clearance and potential enzyme inhibition in a patient with chronic alcohol-related liver disease, making Homer the most likely to experience toxicity among the choices provided.

类似问题

Cyclophosphamide must be activated by which organ before it can cause crosslinks between DNA strands?

Which of the following statements about metabolism is TRUE:[Fill in the blank]

How does the enzyme CYP3A4 contribute to drug metabolism?[Fill in the blank]

Which of the following statements about metabolism is TRUE:

If a prodrug is converted into its bioactive form through metabolism by a cytochrome P450 enzyme then:

Which is primarily responsible for pharmacologic metabolism?

The liver has an important role in drug ADME. Which ONE of the following is CORRECT?

Where are lidocaine, mepivacaine, and bupivacaine metabolized?

更多留学生实用工具

智能学习助手

风格化写作助手

论文查重助手

文献引用助手

课堂转译助手

课堂笔记助手

Quiz搜索助手

学校历年真题

智能刷题助手

智能匹配练习

希望你的学习变得更简单