Which one of the following statements about toxic molecules and their possible antidotes is correct?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When evaluating statements about toxic molecules and antidotes, we examine each option for accuracy and nuance.
Option 1: 'Methanol toxicity can be inhibited through use of an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor.' This is correct in clinical toxicology. Methanol is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase to formaldehyde and formic acid, which cause toxicity. Inhibiting alcohol dehydrogenase (for example, with fomepizole) prevents these harmful metabolites from forming, thereby reducing toxicity.
Option 2: 'Mushrooms containing the toxin amanitin are safe to eat if they have been cooked.' This is false. Amanitin is heat-stable and resists cooking temperatures; cooking does not reliably destroy its toxic effects, so consumption can still be dangerous.
Option 3: 'Benzo[a]pyrene found in cigarette smoke can directly modify cell DNA.' This statement is misleading. Benzo[a]pyrene becomes a DNA-reactive metabolite after metabolic activation, forming DNA adducts; the modification is not typically a direct, unactivated interaction. In other words, the toxin requires metabolic processing to become DNA-reactive.
Option 4: 'If a drug is selective enough for its target it will not cause toxicity.' This is incorrect. Even highly selective drugs can cause toxicity due to off-target effects at higher doses, individual susceptibility, or unexpected interactions; selectivity reduces but does not guarantee absence of toxicity.

Which one of the following statements about toxic molecules and their possible antidotes is correct?Single choice

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