If the lookup value is not found, what does XLOOKUP return (display)?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

XLOOKUP returns the #N/A error when it cannot find the lookup value and you have not provided the optional if_not_found argument.

Relevant knowledge points:
- XLOOKUP syntax: XLOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_array, return_array, [if_not_found], [match_mode], [search_mode]).
- The [if_not_found] argument is optional. If omitted and no match is found, Excel displays the #N/A error (meaning “not available”).
- You can override this by supplying a custom message in [if_not_found], e.g. XLOOKUP("Key", A:A, B:B, "Not Found").

Step-by-step reasoning (example evaluation):
1. Suppose the formula is =XLOOKUP("Apple", A2:A10, B2:B10). The user did not include the 4th argument ([if_not_found]).
2. Excel searches A2:A10 for the exact text "Apple".
3. If "Apple" is not present anywhere in A2:A10, XLOOKUP has no value to return from B2:B10.
4. Because the [if_not_found] argument was not supplied, Excel signals this absence by returning the #N/A error.
5. Therefore the cell displays #N/A.

Why the correct answer is correct:
- #N/A is the standard Excel error returned when a lookup function cannot find a requested value and no alternate result was provided. XLOOKUP follows this convention by default.

Why the other options are incorrect:
- b. FALSE — FALSE is a Boolean value and can be used as an argument (e.g., for exact-match behavior in older functions), but XLOOKUP does not return FALSE when a lookup fails.
- c. #ERROR! — Not a valid Excel error string; Excel uses specific errors like #N/A, #VALUE!, #REF!, etc.
- d. #NOTFOUND! — Not a standard Excel error/message. You can make XLOOKUP return a custom string like "Not Found", but Excel will not automatically display the literal "#NOTFOUND!".

Conclusion: The correct displayed result is #N/A, matching option a.

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