Which step comes third in the writing process?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

First, consider what the question is asking: identify the third step in the writing process and evaluate each option against the typical sequence of stages in writing.
Option 1: 'd. Thinking/ organizing ideas' — This corresponds to the prewriting phase where ideas are gathered and organized before drafting. It is usually one of the initial steps, not the third, so this placement would be earlier in the process.
Option 2: 'e. Submission' — Submission is an end-stage activity where the finished piece is turned in or published. This occurs after drafting, revising, and editing, so it cannot be the third step.
Option 3: 'Reading/ research' — Reading or research is typically part of prewriting or gathering background information before drafting. While essential, it generally happens before drafting and not as the third step.
Option 4: 'a. Revising and editing' — Revising and editing occur after the drafting stage. They are later steps designed to improve content, structure, and language, so this cannot be the third step.
Option 5: 'c. Drafting' — Drafting is the stage where the writer actually translates ideas into a complete first version of the text. In many standard models (prewriting/ planning -> drafting -> revising/editing -> finalizing), drafting is the second or third major phase depending on the labeling, but in common sequences where thinking/organizing ideas is prewriting and research supports drafting, drafting often stands as the third substantive activity after initial planning and preparation activities.
To determine the third step, we align with the typical four- to five-step writing process: prewriting (planning, thinking, organizing, researching) → drafting → revising/editing → finalizing/submission. If we treat 'Thinking/ organizing ideas' and 'Reading/ research' as part of prewriting, then the drafting stage follows as the third major activity in many instructional frameworks that separate prewriting from drafting. Given the common emphasis on drafting as the first full attempt to produce text after planning, many curricula place drafting as the third step when counting all discrete steps from prewriting through to publication.
In summary, among the options, 'c. Drafting' is the best fit for the third step in the typical writing sequence when prewriting activities are counted as the first steps, with drafting following them as the third stage. The other options represent earlier (prewriting) stages or later stages (revising/editing, submission) that do not align with the third position in the standard model.

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