The Wolbachia bacteria in mosquitoes stops their transmission of dengue fever by limiting the virus that causes this disease. How does Wolbachia achieve this?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

First, we restate the question and options to ensure clarity: The question asks how Wolbachia bacteria in mosquitoes stops their transmission of dengue fever, by limiting the virus that causes this disease. The answer choices are: a) The bacteria stop the virus from entering the mosquito, b) The bacteria kill the virus, c) The bacteria prevent the virus from replicating, d) The bacteria consume the virus.
Option a posits that Wolbachia blocks viral entry into the mosquito. In reality, Wolbachia’s effect is not primarily about preventing initial entry of the virus into mosquito cells; rather, its presence tends to interfere with later stages of the viral life cycle within the cells. Therefore this statement misattributes the stage at which Wolbachia acts.
Option b claims that Wolbachia kills the virus outright. While some antimicrobial strategies involve killing pathogens, Wolbachia’s described mechanism in dengue suppression is not a simple bactericidal action against the virus. The virus can still be present, but its replication and propagation are hampered, so this option is inaccurate.
Option c states that Wolbachia prevents the virus from replicating. This aligns with the observed effect: Wolbachia can modulate the mosquito’s cellular environment or immune responses in a way that reduces viral replication after entry, leading to lower viral loads and decreased transmission. It captures the key functional outcome that lowers the amount of virus produced within the mosquito.
Option d suggests that Wolbachia consumes the virus. Bacteria typically do not 'consume' viruses in the way they might metabolize organic matter; viruses are not living cells to be consumed, and this description does not reflect the known interaction between Wolbachia and dengue virus in mosquitoes. Hence this is a biologically inaccurate depiction.
Putting it together, Option c correctly describes the mechanism: the presence of Wolbachia restricts or reduces dengue virus replication within the mosquito, leading to diminished transmission potential. The other choices mischaracterize the interaction by implying entry blockade, viral killing, or viral consumption, which are not supported by the documented mechanism of Wolbachia-mediated interference with dengue virus replication.

The Wolbachia bacteria in mosquitoes stops their transmission of dengue fever by limiting the virus that causes this disease. How does Wolbachia achieve this?单项选择题

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