Question at position 36 Which of the following statements is true about the semicircular canals of the inner ear?The fluid movement in the semicircular canals results from the pressure sound exerts on the oval window.The hair cells in the semicircular canals trigger hearing impulses in the brain.They line the inner wall of the cochlea, convert sound waves into neural impulses, and send them on to the brain.They contain the sensory receptors that detect head motion caused when people tilt or move their heads and/or bodies.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To understand which statement about the semicircular canals is true, let's examine each option in turn and relate it to the actual anatomy and physiology of the inner ear.
Option 1: 'The fluid movement in the semicircular canals results from the pressure sound exerts on the oval window.' This is not correct. Sound-induced vibrations travel through the cochlear fluids, but the semicircular canals are part of the vestibular system and are involved in balance. The fluid movement in the semicircular canals is driven by head rotation, not by pressure transmitted from the oval window during sound waves.
Option 2: 'The hair cells in the semicircular canals trigger hearing impulses in the brain.' While hair cells exist in both the cochlea and the semicircular canals, their roles are different. In the cochlea, hair cells transduce sound into neural impulses for hearing. In the semicircular canals, hair cells detect angular acceleration and movement, not hearing. Therefore this statement confuses the function of hair cells in two distinct inner-ear systems.
Option 3: 'They line the inner wall of the cochlea, convert sound waves into neural impulses, and send them on to the brain.' This describes the organ of Corti within the cochlea, which houses the auditory hair cells. The semicircular canals do not line the cochlea and do not primarily convert sound into neural impulses. Thus, this option mischaracterizes both location and function.
Option 4: 'They contain the sensory receptors that detect head motion caused when people tilt or move their heads and/or bodies.' This accurately describes the semicircular canals. Their hair cells are organized in ampullae within the canals and respond to rotational head movements by bending in response to endolymph flow, signaling head motion to the brain for balance and spatial orientation.
So, evaluating each choice against the known role of the semicircular canals, the only statement that aligns with their function is the one describing their role in detecting head motion and contributing to balance. The other options either attribute hearing functions to the canals or describe components of the cochlea, which are incorrect interpretations of semicircular canal physiology.

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