Which international body is primarily responsible for maintaining international peace and security under international law?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The United Nations Charter assigns primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security to the United Nations Security Council (UNSC).

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- UN Charter allocation of responsibilities: Article 24 of the UN Charter vests the Security Council with “primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security.” Article 25 makes Council decisions binding on UN members, and Chapter VII (Articles 39–51) authorizes the Council to determine threats to the peace and to take measures (sanctions, peacekeeping mandates, or the use of force) to restore or maintain peace.
- Roles of the other bodies: the International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the UN’s principal judicial organ for adjudicating state disputes and giving advisory opinions; the World Trade Organization (WTO) governs international trade rules and dispute settlement in trade matters; the International Criminal Court (ICC) prosecutes individuals for genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity.

2) Step-by-step reasoning
- Identify which organ the Charter gives explicit operational power over peace/security: Article 24 explicitly assigns that role to the Security Council.
- Note the binding nature of Security Council decisions (Article 25) and the enforcement remit under Chapter VII (Articles 39–51), which permit sanctions, peace operations, and authorizations of force.
- Compare functions: the ICJ settles legal disputes and gives opinions (judicial, not enforcement); the WTO focuses on trade; the ICC prosecutes individuals for international crimes. None of those institutions has the Charter-backed, primary mandate and enforcement powers for international peace and security that the UNSC has.

3) Calculations/intermediate steps
- Not applicable (legal reasoning rather than numeric computation).

4) Why the correct answer is correct
- The UN Charter explicitly assigns the UNSC the primary responsibility and provides it specific powers to determine threats and take binding measures to maintain or restore peace.

5) Why other options are incorrect
- a. ICJ: Judicial dispute resolution, not primary peacekeeping/enforcement.
- b. WTO: Trade regulation and dispute settlement, not security enforcement.
- d. ICC: Criminal prosecution of individuals, not charged with maintaining international peace and security.

6) Conclusion
The correct answer is c. United Nations Security Council (UNSC), which matches the provided answer.

Which international body is primarily responsible for maintaining international peace and security under international law?单项选择题

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