What is the mRNA complement to the DNA template 5’-CGCATGTAGCGA-3’?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

First, let’s restate the problem to be sure we’re aligning with the given data: we’re asked for the mRNA complement to the DNA template strand 5’-CGCATGTAGCGA-3’. 
Option 1: 5’-GCGTACATCGCT-3’. This sequence appears to be in the 5’ to 3’ direction, but it does not match the expected RNA complement of the template strand. The correct RNA bases would be U instead of T, and the pairing should reflect C-G, G-C, A-U, T-A relationships along the opposite strand. Here, several base-pair correspondences are off, making this option incorrect.
Option 2: 3’-GCGUACAUCGCU-5’. This is written in the 3’ to 5’ direction, which is appropriate for an RNA complement to the 5’ DNA template when describing antiparallel pairing. Breaking it down: C pairs with G, G with C, C with G, A with U, T with A, G with C, T with A, A with U, G with C, C with G, G with C, A with U. The sequence GCGUACAUCGCU correctly reflects the RNA bases (U instead of T) and the complementary matching to the given DNA template, so this option is correct.
Option 3: 5’-AGCGATGTACGC-3’. This sequence is not the proper reverse-complement in either direction for the template strand. It contains mismatched bases and the wrong orientation (5’ to 3’ rather than a proper 3’ to 5’ complement for the RNA). Therefore, it’s not a valid mRNA complement.
Option 4: 3’-AGCGATGTACGC-5’. Although this is written 3’ to 5’, the actual base composition does not correspond to the correct RNA complement for the template strand. The bases would require U substitutions (not all T) and correct pairing, which this sequence fails to provide, rendering it incorrect.
In summary, the key factors are correct orientation (3’ to 5’ when describing the RNA complement to a 5’ template strand) and correct base pairing with uracil in place of thymine. Only Option 2 satisfies both criteria, matching the expected antiparallel complement with appropriate RNA bases.

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