Which one of the following does NOT involve planning?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Planning involves setting objectives, deciding on courses of action, allocating resources, and creating coordinated procedures (strategies and detailed plans) to achieve organisational goals.

Relevant knowledge points and concepts:
- Goals and objectives: Planning defines what an organisation wants to achieve.
- Strategy: High-level approaches for achieving those goals are part of planning.
- Operational plans/co-ordination: Developing comprehensive plans to integrate and coordinate activities implements strategy.
- Meaningful content: Valid planning statements are concrete and actionable, not vague or nonsensical.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Examine option 1: "Develop comprehensive set of plans to integrate and coordinate organisational work." This literally describes the core of planning (creating coordinated plans). So it involves planning.
2. Examine option 2: "Establishing an overall strategy for achieving goals." Strategy formulation is a primary component of planning. So it involves planning.
3. Examine option 4: "Defining the organisation’s goals." Goal setting is the first step in planning; without goals there is nothing to plan for. So it involves planning.
4. Examine option 3: "Establish a dystopian set of altruistic structural sequential value-chain based guidelines." This phrase is vague, stylistically odd, and does not describe a standard planning activity. It mixes emotive and buzzword terms ("dystopian," "altruistic," "value-chain based guidelines") rather than describing concrete objectives, strategies, or coordinated plans. It does not clearly indicate setting goals, making strategy, or preparing integrative plans.

Why the correct answer is correct:
- Option 3 does not meaningfully correspond to recognised planning processes (goal setting, strategy formulation, or plan development). It reads as jargon-filled and non-actionable, so it is the one choice that does NOT involve planning.

Why the other options are incorrect:
- Options 1, 2, and 4 each state standard planning activities: developing plans, establishing strategy, and defining goals, respectively.

Conclusion: The correct answer is "Establish a dystopian set of altruistic structural sequential value-chain based guidelines." This matches the provided answer.

Which one of the following does NOT involve planning? 单项选择题

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