Equal masses of water and aluminium are heated through the same temperature range. Which material required the most energy? Specific heat capacity (J kg-1 K-1) Water 4186, aluminium 880, glass 842, steel 450.单项选择题
A
a. Both the same
B
b. Water
C
c. Aluminium

Question

Equal masses of water and aluminium are heated through the same temperature range. Which material required the most energy? Specific heat capacity (J kg-1 K-1) Water 4186, aluminium 880, glass 842, steel 450.单项选择题

A

a. Both the same

B

b. Water

C

c. Aluminium

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Q = m c ΔT, so for equal mass m and the same temperature change ΔT the energy required is directly proportional to the specific heat capacity c.

Relevant concepts:
- Specific heat capacity (c) is the energy required to raise 1 kg of a substance by 1 K (or 1 °C).
- When m and ΔT are the same for two materials, comparing energy reduces to comparing their c values.

Step-by-step reasoning and intermediate calculations:
1. Take m = 1.00 kg and ΔT = 1.00 K for a simple direct comparison (any equal m and ΔT give the same ratio).
2. For water: Qwater = m · cwater · ΔT = 1.00 kg · 4186 J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹ · 1.00 K = 4186 J.
3. For aluminium: QAl = m · cAl · ΔT = 1.00 kg · 880 J·kg⁻¹·K⁻¹ · 1.00 K = 880 J.
4. Since 4186 J > 880 J, water requires more energy to heat through the same temperature range for the same mass.

Why the correct answer is correct:
- The given specific heat for water (4186 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹) is much larger than for aluminium (880 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹). With identical mass and temperature change, the larger c means more energy must be supplied.

Why the other choices are incorrect:
- a. Both the same: incorrect because c differs; equal mass and ΔT do not make Q equal unless c values are equal.
- c. Aluminium: incorrect because aluminium’s specific heat (880) is far lower than water’s (4186), so it requires less energy.

Conclusion: Water requires the most energy, so the correct choice is b. Water (matches the provided answer).

Equal masses of water and aluminium are heated through the same temperature range. Which material required the most energy? Specific heat capacity (J kg-1 K-1) Water 4186, aluminium 880, glass 842, steel 450.单项选择题

类似问题

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