As a result of changes in sleep patterns, many people over 60 complain of

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

A common complaint among older adults is increased nighttime wakefulness and difficulty maintaining sleep—insomnia.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Normal aging alters sleep architecture: total sleep time decreases, slow-wave (deep) sleep declines, REM proportion may change, and sleep becomes more fragmented.
- Circadian rhythm shifts (advanced sleep phase) and reduced melatonin secretion contribute to earlier bedtimes/wake times and difficulty staying asleep.
- Medical conditions, medications, and lifestyle factors that increase with age further disrupt sleep continuity.
- Insomnia is defined as difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep or nonrestorative sleep with daytime impairment.

2. Step-by-step reasoning
- Aging produces biological changes (reduced slow-wave sleep, fragmented sleep, earlier circadian phase).
- These changes cause more frequent nighttime awakenings, earlier morning waking, and difficulty returning to sleep.
- The subjective experience and diagnostic label for persistent difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep is insomnia.

3. Calculations
- Not applicable; this is a conceptual/clinical reasoning problem.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- The described sleep-pattern changes lead directly to symptoms of insomnia: difficulty initiating sleep, frequent awakenings, and nonrestorative sleep. Epidemiologic studies show prevalence of insomnia symptoms rises with age, making insomnia the expected complaint.

5. Why the other options are incorrect
- Stomach ulcers: these are peptic lesions related to H. pylori, NSAIDs, or stress— not a direct consequence of normal sleep-pattern changes.
- Restless leg syndrome (RLS): RLS can disturb sleep and is more common in older adults, but it is a distinct sensorimotor disorder rather than the general outcome of age-related sleep architecture changes.
- Traumatic brain injuries: TBIs are acute injuries from external force and are not caused by normal age-related sleep changes.

6. Conclusion
- The correct answer is insomnia, which matches the provided answer.

As a result of changes in sleep patterns, many people over 60 complain of单项选择题

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