Short-term memory is:

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Short-term (working) memory holds information temporarily—typically about 20–30 seconds without rehearsal—and has a limited storage capacity (classically about 7 ± 2 chunks). It is designed for rapid access and manipulation of information for current tasks.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Memory systems: sensory memory → short-term/working memory → long-term memory.
- Duration: short-term memory lasts seconds (≈20–30 s) unless rehearsal occurs.
- Capacity: limited (Miller’s 7 ± 2 chunks; modern estimates often smaller when chunking isn’t used).
- Accessibility: items in short-term memory are quickly accessible for immediate use, unlike many long-term memories that can take more retrieval effort.

2. Step-by-step reasoning process
- Identify the characteristic “brief” and link it to the short duration of short-term memory.
- Identify “limited in capacity” and link it to Miller’s 7 ± 2 chunks and the practical constraint on how many items can be actively held.
- Identify “quickly accessed” and link it to the immediate availability of contents in working memory for cognitive tasks.
- Compare these characteristics against each multiple-choice option to find the match.

3. Intermediate steps / numerical detail
- Duration: ≈20–30 seconds without rehearsal.
- Capacity: about 5–9 chunks (Miller’s 7 ± 2).
These numerical facts support the labels “brief” and “limited in capacity.”

4. Why the correct answer is correct
Option c (“brief; limited in capacity; quickly accessed”) directly matches the empirical properties of short-term/working memory: short duration, constrained capacity, and rapid accessibility.

5. Why other options are incorrect
- a (“brief, virtually limitless”) is wrong because short-term memory is not virtually limitless in capacity.
- b (“enduring, limited in capacity; more difficult to access”) is wrong because “enduring” and “more difficult to access” describe long-term memory, not short-term.
- d (“enduring; virtually limitless; more difficult to access”) describes long-term memory, not short-term.

6. Conclusion
All evidence and comparison confirm option c — brief; limited in capacity; quickly accessed — which matches the provided correct answer.

Short-term memory is:单项选择题

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