A rock formed from the bits and pieces of other rocks is a(n):

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Sedimentary rock forms from the accumulation and lithification of fragments (sediments) of other rocks, so "sedimentary rock" is correct.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Three main rock types: igneous (formed from cooled magma or lava), metamorphic (rocks changed by heat and/or pressure), and sedimentary (formed from sediments: bits and pieces of preexisting rocks, minerals, or biological material).
- Key processes for sedimentary rocks: weathering and erosion produce sediments, transport and deposition concentrate them, and lithification (compaction and cementation) turns them into rock.
- Subtypes: clastic (made of rock fragments, e.g., sandstone, shale, conglomerate), chemical (precipitated minerals, e.g., limestone), and organic (accumulated biological material, e.g., coal).

2. Step-by-step reasoning process
- Step 1: Bits and pieces of other rocks refer to weathered fragments (grains, pebbles, silt).
- Step 2: These fragments are transported (water, wind, ice) and deposited in layers.
- Step 3: Over time layers are buried, compacted by overlying weight, and cemented by minerals precipitating from groundwater.
- Step 4: The result of compaction + cementation (lithification) is a sedimentary rock composed of those original bits and pieces.

3. Intermediate steps (process details)
- Weathering breaks rock into particles.
- Erosion/transport moves particles to basins.
- Deposition leaves particles in layers.
- Compaction reduces pore space; cementation (silica, calcite, iron oxides) binds grains together into solid rock.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- The phrase "bits and pieces of other rocks" exactly describes sediment (clasts). Lithification of those clasts produces sedimentary (clastic) rock. Thus sedimentary rock is the rock type produced by that process.

5. Why the other options are incorrect
- Granite: an igneous intrusive rock formed by slow cooling of magma, not by accumulation of rock fragments.
- Metamorphic rock: formed by alteration of existing rocks under heat/pressure without the process of accumulating and cementing loose fragments (recrystallization rather than lithification of sediments).
- Igneous rock: formed from molten material (magma or lava), not from bits and pieces of preexisting rocks.

6. Conclusion
The correct choice is sedimentary rock, which matches the provided answer: "sedimentary rock."

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