Liz sent a survey to every twentieth person on the Trinity’s attendance roll (which contains all currently enrolled students) asking them to participate in her survey. Liz is ensuring that her survey results are accurate by using:

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Selecting every twentieth name from a complete attendance roll is an example of systematic sampling, which is treated as a form of random (probability) sampling designed to produce a representative sample.

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Sampling frame: the attendance roll contains the entire population of interest (all enrolled students).  
- Random/probability sampling: methods that give members of the population a known chance of selection, reducing selection bias and improving representativeness.  
- Systematic sampling: choose every k‑th item (here k = 20) from an ordered list; it is a practical variant of random sampling when the starting point is randomized or the list has no periodic pattern.

2) Step‑by‑step reasoning
- Start with the attendance roll (sampling frame) of size N.  
- Liz selects every 20th person; that defines k = 20. If the roster has no periodic pattern that aligns with k (or if the first selection is chosen randomly), each person has an approximately equal and known chance of being selected.  
- This process yields a sample size of about N/20.

3) Calculation example (intermediate steps)
- If N = 2,000 students, sample size = N / k = 2,000 / 20 = 100 students selected.  
- More generally, sample size ≈ floor(N/20) or ceil(N/20) depending on where the starting point falls.

4) Why the correct answer is correct
- Systematic selection like “every twentieth person” aims to create a representative subset from the population; it is therefore classified under random/probability sampling techniques because it avoids investigator choice and reduces sampling bias. This improves the accuracy and generalizability of survey results.

5) Why the other options are incorrect
- Experimental and control variables: refers to manipulating variables and comparing groups in an experiment, not selecting survey respondents.  
- Naturalistic observation: involves observing behavior without intervention in a natural setting, not surveying selected individuals.  
- Replication: means repeating a study to confirm results; not a sampling method.

6) Conclusion
- The procedure Liz used corresponds to random sampling (systematic sampling as a variant). This matches the provided correct answer: random sampling.

Liz sent a survey to every twentieth person on the Trinity’s attendance roll (which contains all currently enrolled students) asking them to participate in her survey. Liz is ensuring that her survey results are accurate by using:单项选择题

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