Which is the largest component of metabolism, accounting for about 65% to 70% of daily energy expenditure?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Resting metabolism provides roughly 65–70% of total daily energy expenditure, so the correct choice is resting metabolism.

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) is composed of: resting (or basal) metabolic rate (RMR/BMR), physical activity energy expenditure, and the thermic effect of food (dietary-induced thermogenesis). Resting metabolism is the energy required to maintain vital physiological functions at rest (heart, lungs, brain, kidneys, liver, cellular maintenance).

2) Step-by-step reasoning
- Identify the three main components and their typical proportions.
- Resting metabolism is the largest and relatively stable component. Physical activity varies widely but is generally much smaller on average. The thermic effect of food is modest.

3) Example calculation with intermediate steps
- Assume a TDEE of 2,000 kcal/day.
- Resting metabolism at 65%: 0.65 × 2000 = 1300 kcal/day.
- Physical activity at 25%: 0.25 × 2000 = 500 kcal/day.
- Thermic effect of food at 10%: 0.10 × 2000 = 200 kcal/day.
- These figures show resting metabolism (1300 kcal) is the largest single component.

4) Why the correct answer is correct
- Resting metabolism fuels essential, continuous processes in the body and therefore consumes the majority of daily energy, typically around 65–70%. Because these functions run constantly, they account for the dominant share of energy use.

5) Why other options are incorrect
- Respiration: ambiguous term here; breathing is part of resting metabolism rather than a separate largest component. As an isolated term it does not represent the major energy share.
- Physical activity: highly variable and generally smaller (often ~15–30%), not the majority.
- Food digestion (thermic effect of food): usually about 5–10% of TDEE, much smaller than resting metabolism.

6) Conclusion
Resting metabolism is the largest component, accounting for about 65–70% of daily energy expenditure, which matches the provided answer: resting metabolism.

Which is the largest component of metabolism, accounting for about 65% to 70% of daily energy expenditure?单项选择题

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