The nonrival property of pure public goods implies that the:

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Nonrivalry means one person's consumption does not reduce the quantity or quality available for others. For pure public goods (which are both nonrival and nonexcludable), an additional consumer can enjoy the good without detracting from others’ enjoyment.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Pure public good: nonrival (one person’s use does not diminish another’s) and nonexcludable (hard or impossible to prevent people from using it).
- Nonrivalry implication: the marginal effect of adding another user is zero on existing users’ utility from a given quantity/quality of the good.
- Distinction between marginal cost of providing the good to an additional user (often zero for nonrival consumption) and the fixed/initial production cost (which can be positive).

2. Step-by-step reasoning
- Definition: If consumption is nonrival, additional consumers do not reduce the consumption available to existing consumers.
- Therefore, when more people enjoy the same supplied quantity of the good, existing consumers’ benefits (utility) remain unchanged because nothing is subtracted from their access.
- Apply to the options: the statement that benefits are unaffected directly matches the definition. Other options contradict the definition or conflate different concepts.

3. Calculations
- No numerical calculations are required; the reasoning is conceptual and follows directly from the definition of nonrivalry.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- “Benefits enjoyed by existing consumers are unaffected as more consumers enjoy a given quantity of the good” restates nonrivalry precisely: marginal consumption by another person imposes no loss on current consumers, so their benefit does not decline.

5. Why the other options are incorrect
- “Benefits ... decline as more consumers enjoy...” describes rival goods, not nonrival goods.
- “Goods cannot be priced” is false: pricing is possible in principle, though practical pricing is difficult because of free-rider problems and excludability issues; nonrivality alone does not make pricing impossible.
- “Marginal cost of producing the good is zero” is misleading: nonrivality implies the marginal cost of serving an additional consumer is often zero, but the marginal cost of producing the good (initial provision) can be positive. The option’s blanket statement is therefore incorrect.

6. Conclusion
The correct choice is that benefits to existing consumers are unaffected as more consumers enjoy a given quantity of the good, which matches the provided answer.

The nonrival property of pure public goods implies that the:单项选择题

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