Which of the lettered arrows in the diagram of translation indicates the anti-codon?

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Question

Which of the lettered arrows in the diagram of translation indicates the anti-codon?

Click to view larger image

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

An anticodon is the three‑nucleotide sequence on a tRNA molecule that base‑pairs with the complementary codon on the mRNA. In translation the anticodon is located at the bottom loop of the tRNA and is antiparallel and complementary to the mRNA codon (for example, codon AUG pairs with anticodon UAC).

Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Codon: three bases on mRNA that specify an amino acid.
- Anticodon: the complementary three bases on tRNA that recognize the codon by base‑pairing.
- tRNA has two important regions: the anticodon loop (triplet that pairs with mRNA) and the 3′ acceptor end where the amino acid is attached.
- The ribosome (large purple structure in the diagram) holds the mRNA and tRNAs during peptide synthesis.

Step‑by‑step reasoning
1. Locate the three‑base triplet shown on the tRNA: arrow A points directly to the three nucleotides (labeled A G G) on the bottom of the right‑hand tRNA — this is the anticodon loop. That triplet is positioned to pair with the codon on the mRNA inside the ribosome.
2. Identify other arrows so they can be excluded: arrow C points to the small yellow/orange sphere at the tRNA’s top end (the attached amino acid), arrow B points to the body/side of the tRNA molecule (not the anticodon), and arrow D points to the ribosome (the large purple complex under the mRNA).
3. Use the base‑pairing concept: the anticodon triplet on the tRNA must align opposite and complementary to the mRNA codon in the ribosome’s decoding center — arrow A is exactly at that location.

Why the correct answer is correct
- Arrow A shows the three‑nucleotide anticodon loop on tRNA that base‑pairs with the mRNA codon; this matches the definition and position of an anticodon.

Why other options are incorrect
- C indicates the amino acid attached to the tRNA, not the anticodon.
- B labels the tRNA molecule body (elbow/strand), not the anticodon triplet.
- D labels the ribosome (or its decoding site), not the anticodon on tRNA.

Conclusion: Arrow A correctly indicates the anticodon, which matches the provided answer A.

Which of the lettered arrows in the diagram of translation indicates the anti-codon? Click to view larger image 单项选择题

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