Which of the following IS CHARACTERISTIC of prokaryotic organisms?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

This question asks which statement is characteristic of prokaryotic organisms, so we will evaluate each option against the defining features of prokaryotes.
Option a: 'lack of membrane-bound compartments within the protoplast' This aligns with prokaryotic cell organization, where there are no membrane-bound organelles such as a nucleus, mitochondria, or chloroplasts. The entire cell interior is not partitioned into compartments by membranes in the way eukaryotic cells are. This is a valid characteristic of prokaryotes.
Option b: 'cells with a distinct nucleus' A distinct nucleus is a hallmark of eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes do not possess a membrane-enclosed nucleus; their genetic material is typically in a nucleoid region. Therefore, this option describes a eukaryotic feature and is incorrect for prokaryotes.
Option c: 'chloroplasts in a variety of shapes and sizes' Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant and some algal cells, which are eukaryotic. Prokaryotes lack chloroplasts and other membrane-bound organelles, so this statement does not apply to prokaryotes and is incorrect.
Option d: 'capacity to reproduce only within other living cells' Many prokaryotes reproduce asexually by binary fission and do not require a host cell to reproduce. The phrase 'only within other living cells' would imply obligate intracellular reproduction, which is not a general characteristic of prokaryotes (some parasites may depend on hosts, but it is not universal and not defining). This makes the option incorrect as a general trait of prokaryotes.
Option e: 'capacity to undergo mitosis' Mitosis is a process used by many eukaryotic cells to divide the nucleus. Prokaryotes divide by binary fission, not mitosis, so this option misstates their division mechanism and is incorrect.
Overall, only option a captures a core, defining feature of prokaryotic cells, while the others describe eukaryotic traits or non-defining aspects.

Which of the following IS CHARACTERISTIC of prokaryotic organisms?单项选择题

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