The NSW census indicates that graduates of USyd are more likely to have a job than graduates of UNSW. This indicates:

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Being a USyd graduate rather than a UNSW graduate is positively correlated with having a job.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Correlation vs causation: correlation (or association) means two variables move together; causation means one variable produces change in the other. Observational data (like a census) can show associations but cannot, on its own, prove causation.
- Measures of association: differences in proportions, risk difference, odds ratio.
- Confounding and selection bias: other factors (field of study, socioeconomic background, age, industry demand) can produce apparent associations.

2. Complete reasoning process step by step
- The NSW census reports employment outcomes by university. If the percentage employed among USyd graduates exceeds that among UNSW graduates, then the variable “being a USyd graduate” is associated with a higher probability of “having a job.”
- This is precisely the definition of a positive correlation: when one category of a categorical variable (USyd) coincides with a higher frequency of the outcome (employment) compared with another category (UNSW).

3. Calculations and intermediate steps (illustrative)
- Suppose 80% of USyd graduates are employed and 70% of UNSW graduates are employed. The difference = 80% − 70% = 10 percentage points. This positive difference quantifies the positive association: being a USyd grad corresponds to a +10pp higher employment rate.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- The census finding directly states a higher employment rate for USyd grads; that is the textbook definition of a positive correlation (or positive association) between university attended and employment status.

5. Why other interpretations are incorrect
- Claiming USyd attendance causes higher employment is incorrect because the census is observational and may be confounded by other variables (e.g., discipline mix, prior socioeconomic status). Saying there is no relationship contradicts the reported difference. Inferring mechanisms (better teaching, reputation) goes beyond the data.

6. Conclusion
The correct interpretation is that being a USyd graduate rather than a UNSW graduate is positively correlated with having a job, which matches the provided answer.

The NSW census indicates that graduates of USyd are more likely to have a job than graduates of UNSW. This indicates:单项选择题

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