Which joint is classified as primary (hyaline) cartilaginous?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Primary cartilaginous joints (synchondroses) are united by hyaline cartilage and are typically immovable (synarthroses); classic examples include epiphyseal (growth) plates and the 1st sternocostal joint.

Relevant knowledge points and concepts:
- Types of cartilaginous joints: primary (synchondrosis) — hyaline cartilage; secondary (symphysis) — fibrocartilage with a thin layer of hyaline cartilage.
- Synovial joints are characterized by a joint cavity, synovial membrane and are typically freely movable.
- Specific joint types: 1st sternocostal = synchondrosis (hyaline); manubriosternal = symphysis (secondary cartilaginous); costovertebral = synovial plane; sternocostal joints for ribs 2–7 are synovial.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Identify the definition: primary cartilaginous (hyaline) = synchondrosis, composed purely of hyaline cartilage, usually immovable.
2. Examine each option:
   - Manubriosternal joint: formed between manubrium and body of sternum and contains fibrocartilage — this is a secondary cartilaginous joint (symphysis), not primary.
   - 1st sternocostal joint: articulation between the costal cartilage of the 1st rib and the manubrium; this is a synchondrosis composed of hyaline cartilage (primary cartilaginous).
   - Costovertebral joint: articulation between rib head and vertebral bodies — a synovial (plane) joint with a joint capsule and synovial membrane.
   - 4th sternocostal joint: like most sternocostal joints from ribs 2–7, it is a synovial plane joint, not a synchondrosis.

Why the correct answer is correct:
The 1st sternocostal joint is uniquely formed by hyaline costal cartilage directly fused to the sternum without a synovial cavity, matching the definition of a primary cartilaginous (synchondrosis) joint.

Why other options are incorrect:
- Manubriosternal = secondary cartilaginous (fibrocartilage/symphysis)
- Costovertebral = synovial plane joint
- 4th sternocostal = synovial joint (ribs 2–7)

Conclusion: The correct answer is the 1st sternocostal joint, which matches the provided answer.

Which joint is classified as primary (hyaline) cartilaginous?单项选择题

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