Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation:

92
236
𝑈
→
38
90
𝑆
𝑟
+
?
+
2
0
1
𝑛
+
4
0
0
𝑔

Question

Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation:

92
236
𝑈
→
38
90
𝑆
𝑟
+
?
+
2
0
1
𝑛
+
4
0
0
𝑔

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Conservation of nucleon number (mass number, A) and charge (atomic number, Z) determines the identity of the missing fragment.

1) Relevant concepts
- In any nuclear reaction the sum of mass numbers (A) and the sum of atomic numbers (Z) on the left must equal the sums on the right.
- A neutron has A = 1 and Z = 0. A gamma photon has A = 0 and Z = 0, so it does not change these sums.

2) Step-by-step reasoning and calculations
Initial nucleus: 92 236 U → total A_initial = 236, Z_initial = 92.
Given products: 38 90 Sr, plus 2 neutrons (each A = 1, Z = 0), plus a gamma (A = 0, Z = 0), plus the unknown nucleus (A_x, Z_x).

Apply conservation of mass number:
A_initial = A_Sr + A_unknown + A_neutrons + A_gamma
236 = 90 + A_x + 2*(1) + 0
236 = 90 + A_x + 2
236 = 92 + A_x
A_x = 236 - 92
A_x = 144

Apply conservation of atomic number:
Z_initial = Z_Sr + Z_unknown + Z_neutrons + Z_gamma
92 = 38 + Z_x + 0 + 0
Z_x = 92 - 38
Z_x = 54

3) Identification
Atomic number Z = 54 corresponds to xenon (Xe). Therefore the missing nucleus is xenon-144, written 54 144 Xe (Xe-144).

4) Why this is correct
The computed A and Z (144 and 54) exactly restore the initial totals: A: 90 + 144 + 2 = 236; Z: 38 + 54 + 0 = 92. The gamma contributes no A or Z, consistent with the equation.

5) Why the other options are incorrect (brief)
- 52 142 Te: Z = 52 gives total Z = 38 + 52 = 90 (not 92); A sum 90 + 142 + 2 = 234 (not 236).
- 54 145 Xe: A would be 145 → total A = 90 + 145 + 2 = 237 (too large).
- 52 144 Te: Z total = 38 + 52 = 90 (wrong); A total = 90 + 144 + 2 = 236 but Z wrong.
- 38 92 Sr: would duplicate Sr and give incorrect totals.

6) Conclusion
The missing particle is 54 144 Xe (xenon-144), which matches the provided correct answer.

Identify the missing particle in the following nuclear equation: 92 236 𝑈 → 38 90 𝑆 𝑟 + ? + 2 0 1 𝑛 + 4 0 0 𝑔单项选择题

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