A horse pulls on a chariot but the brake is on and it does not move. The reaction force to the force of the chariot acting on the horse is:

Question

A horse pulls on a chariot but the brake is on and it does not move. The reaction force to the force of the chariot acting on the horse is:

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Newton's third law: for every force exerted by object A on object B there is an equal-in-magnitude, opposite-in-direction force exerted by B on A. These two forces form an action–reaction pair and act on different bodies.

Identify the forces:
- The horse pulls the chariot forward with a force F_h→c (horse on chariot).
- The chariot pulls the horse backward with a force F_c→h (chariot on horse). By Newton’s third law F_h→c = −F_c→h.
- There is also friction from the ground on the chariot (brake) and friction from the ground on the horse; these are separate interaction pairs with the ground.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. The specific action mentioned is “the force of the chariot acting on the horse” (F_c→h). Its reaction must be the force the horse exerts on the chariot (F_h→c). These two are the Newton’s third-law pair: equal magnitude, opposite direction, acting on the chariot and horse respectively.
2. The chariot’s brake produces a frictional force between chariot and ground; that friction’s reaction is the equal and opposite force of the chariot on the ground, not the force on the horse.
3. The horse’s traction on the ground (horse pushing backward on ground) is the reaction to the ground’s forward friction on the horse; it is unrelated to the chariot↔horse pair.

Why the correct answer is correct:
- Option c states “The force of the horse acting on the chariot” which is exactly the action–reaction partner to the chariot’s force on the horse.

Why the other options are incorrect:
- a (frictional force on the chariot) is the reaction to the chariot pushing on the ground via the brake, not to the chariot’s pull on the horse.
- b (force of the chariot on the ground) is the partner to ground’s force on the chariot, not the chariot’s force on the horse.
- d (horse acting on the ground) is the partner to the ground’s friction on the horse, not the chariot’s pull.

Conclusion: The reaction to the force of the chariot on the horse is c. The force of the horse acting on the chariot. This matches the provided answer (c).

A horse pulls on a chariot but the brake is on and it does not move. The reaction force to the force of the chariot acting on the horse is:单项选择题

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