A local collection of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) is called a _________, whereas such a collection in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is called a __________.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

A cluster of neuronal cell bodies within the central nervous system is called a nucleus, while the analogous collection in the peripheral nervous system is termed a ganglion.

Relevant knowledge points:
- Neuronal organization terms distinguish location and structure: "nucleus" (CNS) and "ganglion" (PNS) refer to grouped neuron cell bodies; "tract" (CNS) and "nerve" (PNS) refer to bundles of axons/fibers.
- CNS comprises brain and spinal cord; PNS includes cranial and spinal nerves and peripheral ganglia.
- Functional examples: thalamic nuclei (sensory relay centers in the brain) and dorsal root ganglia (somatic sensory cell bodies outside the spinal cord).

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Identify what is meant by "local collection of neurons": this phrase refers to an anatomical grouping of neuronal cell bodies (soma), not axon bundles.
2. Determine location: if that grouping is inside the CNS (brain or spinal cord), the standard anatomical term is "nucleus." Many CNS nuclei are named (e.g., caudate nucleus, red nucleus).
3. For a grouping outside the CNS in the peripheral nervous system, the correct term is "ganglion." Examples include dorsal root ganglia and autonomic ganglia.
4. Confirm terminology contrast: tracts and nerves are axonal pathways; therefore they do not match the phrase “collection of neurons” (which implies cell bodies).

Why the correct answer is correct:
- Nucleus = cluster of neuronal cell bodies in the CNS.
- Ganglion = cluster of neuronal cell bodies in the PNS.
This directly matches the prompt asking for CNS term first then PNS term.

Why other options are incorrect:
- (a) reverses the two terms.
- (c) and (d) use "tract" and "nerve," which refer to axon bundles rather than cell bodies.
- (e) pairs ganglion (PNS) with nerve (PNS axons) and thus is inconsistent with the CNS/PNS distinction requested.

Final confirmation: The correct choice is b) nucleus; ganglion.

A local collection of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) is called a _, whereas such a collection in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is called a __.单项选择题

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A local collection of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) is called a _________, whereas such a collection in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) is called a __________.单项选择题