Finish this sentence: When the RBA decides to increase the cash rate,

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The prompt asks to finish the sentence given a monetary policy action by the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) to increase the cash rate, so the analysis focuses on the standard macroeconomic effects of higher policy rates on aggregate demand and the price level.
Option a: 'Aggregate demand increases, leading to lower growth, higher unemployment and higher prices.' This is inconsistent with an increase in the cash rate. Higher rates typically cool demand, not boost it, so AD would not increase. The combination of lower growth with higher unemployment is plausible, but the claim that prices rise is unlikely when AD falls.
Option b: 'Aggregate demand increases, leading to upward pressure on the price level but negative effects on growth.' Again, an increase in the cash rate tends to dampen aggregate demand, not increase it. Therefore describing an AD increase is incorrect. While higher rates can slow growth and somewhat raise prices if supply constraints exist, the premise of AD increasing makes this option unreliable.
Option c: 'Aggregate demand decreases, leading to downward pressure on the price level.' This aligns with the conventional transmission mechanism: higher policy rates raise borrowing costs, curb消费 investment and spending, reduce Aggregate Demand, which puts downward pressure on the price level (and can slow growth). The wording captures both the AD decline and the associated price-level effect.
Option d: 'Aggregate demand decreases, leading to higher growth, employment and prices.' Although AD decreasing is accurate for a rate hike, the downstream effects described—higher growth, higher employment, and higher prices—are inconsistent. Typically, a reduction in AD would suppress growth and employment, and put downward or disinflationary pressure on prices, not higher prices.
In summary, the reasoning follows the standard expectation that a central bank increase in the cash rate cools economic activity by reducing aggregate demand and tends to exert downward pressure on the price level. The remaining options either misstate the direction of AD change or the resulting macroeconomic outcomes, which makes them inconsistent with the typical monetary policy transmission.

Finish this sentence: When the RBA decides to increase the cash rate,单项选择题

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