Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is commonly associated with:

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Persistent feelings of anger, guilt or shame are characteristic symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) because they fall under the DSM-5 cluster "negative alterations in cognitions and mood."

1) Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- PTSD requires exposure to a traumatic event and persistent symptoms lasting more than one month.
- DSM-5 organizes PTSD symptoms into four clusters: (a) intrusion (re-experiencing), (b) avoidance, (c) negative alterations in cognitions and mood, and (d) alterations in arousal and reactivity.
- The "negative alterations in cognitions and mood" cluster specifically includes persistent negative emotional states such as fear, horror, anger, guilt, or shame, as well as distorted blame, diminished interest, and social withdrawal.

2) Step-by-step reasoning
- Read each option and map it to diagnostic categories:
  a) "Persistent concerns about body weight and shape" → core feature of eating disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa), not PTSD.
  b) "Persistent concerns about how others evaluate them" → central to social anxiety disorder or social phobia (preoccupation with negative evaluation), not a defining PTSD symptom.
  c) "Persistent feelings of anger, guilt or shame" → directly listed under DSM-5 negative alterations in cognitions and mood for PTSD.
  d) "All of these options" would only be correct if all prior items were PTSD features; since (a) and (b) are not core PTSD criteria, (d) is incorrect.

3) Intermediate mapping (explicit)
- Option c maps to DSM-5 criterion D (negative cognitions/mood) → matches PTSD.
- Options a and b map to other disorders → do not satisfy PTSD diagnostic clusters.

4) Why the correct answer is correct
Because persistent anger, guilt, and shame are explicitly included in PTSD diagnostic criteria as common and enduring emotional states following trauma.

5) Why other options are incorrect
- Body weight/shape concerns are characteristic of eating disorders.
- Worry about others' evaluations is characteristic of social anxiety disorder.
- Therefore "All of these" is incorrect.

Conclusion: The correct answer is "Persistent feelings of anger, guilt or shame." This matches the provided answer.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is commonly associated with: 单项选择题

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