90

Refer to the diagram, where variable inputs of labor are being added to a constant amount of property resources. The total output of this firm will cease to expand

A. if a labor force in excess of Q1 is employed.
B. if a labor force in excess of Q2 is employed.
C. if a labor force in excess of Q3 is employed.
D. only if the marginal product curve becomes negative at all levels of output.

Question

90

Refer to the diagram, where variable inputs of labor are being added to a constant amount of property resources. The total output of this firm will cease to expand

A. if a labor force in excess of Q1 is employed.
B. if a labor force in excess of Q2 is employed.
C.  if a labor force in excess of Q3 is employed.
D. only if the marginal product curve becomes negative at all levels of output.

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Total output reaches its maximum and then stops rising when the marginal product of labor is zero. Mathematically, marginal product (MP) is the derivative of total product (TP) with respect to labor (L): d(TP)/dL = MP. If MP > 0, TP increases as more labor is added; if MP = 0, TP is at a peak (no further increase); if MP < 0, TP falls as more labor is added. Step-by-step reasoning from the diagram: 1. Identify the marginal product curve: the higher, hump-shaped curve labeled "Marginal Product" starts positive, rises to a peak (at Q1), then falls and crosses the horizontal axis at Q3. 2. Use the derivative relationship: TP increases while MP > 0. On the graph MP is positive for labor inputs up to Q3, so TP is increasing for inputs ≤ Q3. At the point where MP = 0 (the MP curve crosses the horizontal axis), TP reaches its maximum. 3. Locate that point on the graph: the MP curve crosses zero at Q3. Therefore once labor exceeds Q3, MP becomes negative and total output ceases to expand (in fact it starts to decline). Why the correct answer is C: - The total product stops increasing precisely where MP = 0, which the graph shows occurs at Q3. Thus employing a labor force in excess of Q3 means MP < 0 and TP no longer expands. Why the other options are incorrect: - A (Q1) marks the peak of MP (maximum marginal product), not where MP = 0; TP still increases past Q1. - B (Q2) is where MP and average product (AP) intersect (AP’s maximum), but MP is still positive there so TP is still rising. - D is false because TP ceasing to expand requires MP ≤ 0 at that point, not that MP be negative at all output levels; the claim is too strong and incorrect. Conclusion: The total output will cease to expand if labor exceeds Q3, so the correct answer is C.

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