During breastfeeding, ________ are the bulb-like glands that produce milk.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Alveoli are the bulb-like, milk-secreting units of the lactating mammary gland.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- The mammary gland is organized into 15–20 lobes; each lobe contains many lobules.
- Lobules are composed of clusters of alveoli (also called acini). Alveoli are the functional secretory units lined by milk-secreting epithelial cells.
- Myoepithelial cells surround alveoli and contract in response to oxytocin to eject milk into ductules and lactiferous ducts. Prolactin stimulates the epithelial cells to synthesize milk.

2. Step-by-step reasoning process
- The question asks which structures are the bulb-like glands that produce milk. Identify the functional secretory structure in a lobule.
- Within a lobule, alveoli are spherical (bulb-like) sacs where milk is synthesized and secreted into a small ductule.
- Milk then travels from ductules → intralobular ducts → lactiferous ducts → nipple.

3. Intermediate (anatomical) steps and details
- Lobe → lobules → alveoli (hierarchical organization).
- Alveolar epithelial cells synthesize milk components (casein, lactose, fat) into the lumen.
- Oxytocin-induced contraction of myoepithelial cells forces milk from alveoli into the duct system.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- Alveoli are specifically described in anatomy and physiology texts as the bulbous, sac-like secretory units responsible for milk production. Their bulb-like shape and secretory epithelial lining match the description in the question.

5. Why the other options are incorrect
- Lymph nodes: part of the immune/lymphatic system, not milk-producing glands. Found in axilla and along lymphatic drainage.
- Lobules: anatomical clusters of alveoli; lobules themselves are not the individual bulb-like secretory units but collections of them.
- Montgomery (glands): Montgomery tubercles are sebaceous (oil) glands in the areola that lubricate/protect the nipple, not milk-producing.

6. Conclusion
- Therefore, the bulb-like glands that produce milk are the alveoli. This confirms the provided answer: alveoli.

During breastfeeding, ________ are the bulb-like glands that produce milk.单项选择题

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