Which of the following is an example of malware?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

A Trojan Horse is a classic form of malware: malicious software that disguises itself as legitimate to trick users into installing it and then performs harmful actions.

1. Relevant concepts
- Malware: any software designed to harm, exploit, or gain unauthorized access to systems (examples: viruses, worms, Trojans, ransomware).
- Trojan Horse: malware that appears useful or benign but contains a hidden malicious payload (e.g., backdoors, data theft, remote access).
- Encryption: a method of transforming data to protect confidentiality (a security technique, not inherently malicious).
- Antivirus: defensive software designed to detect and remove malware.
- Surge protector: a hardware device that protects electrical equipment from voltage spikes.

2. Step-by-step reasoning
- Identify whether each option is a type of malicious software.
- Option a (Encryption): encryption is a legitimate cryptographic technique used to secure data; it is not malware.
- Option b (Trojan Horse): this term historically and in modern cybersecurity denotes malicious software that deceives users to execute harmful code — therefore it is malware.
- Option c (Antivirus): antivirus is security software meant to detect and remove malware, so it is not malware itself.
- Option d (Surge Protector): a physical electronic device for power protection, unrelated to software or malware.

3. Calculations / intermediate steps
- No numerical calculations are needed. The logical elimination steps above serve as the intermediate reasoning.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- A Trojan Horse intentionally conceals malicious functionality behind an apparently legitimate program. Once executed, it can install backdoors, steal data, or allow remote control — all hallmark behaviors of malware. Thus it fits the definition of malware exactly.

5. Why the other options are incorrect (brief)
- Encryption: security technique, not malicious.
- Antivirus: defensive software, counters malware.
- Surge Protector: physical hardware for power safety, unrelated to software threats.

6. Conclusion
Therefore the correct choice is b. Trojan Horse, which matches the provided answer.

Which of the following is an example of malware?单项选择题

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