The _____ curve is vertical at full employment.

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Question restatement: The _____ curve is vertical at full employment.
Option a: short-run aggregate demand. This is not vertical at full employment; SRAD is downward-sloping in the standard model and is not defined by full employment alone. It reflects the relationship between price level and total spending in the short run, but its slope and position are influenced by demand factors, not by a vertical alignment at full employment.
Option b: short-run aggregate supply. The SRAS curve is upward-sloping, illustrating that output can rise with higher price levels in the short run due to sticky prices and wage adjustments. It is not vertical at full employment, so this choice misstates the typical short-run behavior of output relative to price level.
Option c: long-run aggregate demand. The AD curve represents demand, not a supply constraint, and it is not characterized by a vertical orientation at full employment. Its slope and position are about spending across price levels rather than a vertical relationship with output when the economy is at full employment.
Option d: long-run aggregate supply. Correct. In standard macroeconomics, the long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curve is vertical at the economy’s potential or full-employment output. This reflects the idea that in the long run, output is determined by real factors like resources, technology, and institutions, not by the price level. When the economy reaches full employment, all available resources are utilized, and higher prices do not increase real output, hence the vertical LRAS.
Summary of reasoning: The key distinction is between short-run dynamics, where output can deviate from potential due to sticky prices and wage adjustments (SRAS), and long-run constraints, where output at full employment is fixed by real factors (LRAS). The vertical orientation at full employment uniquely identifies LRAS, confirming choice d as correct.

The _____ curve is vertical at full employment.单项选择题

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