The most likely explanation for an expansion in demand for milk would be?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

An expansion in demand refers to consumers buying a larger quantity of a good because its own price has fallen — that is, a movement down (to the right) along the existing demand curve rather than a shift of the entire curve.

1. Relevant knowledge points and concepts
- Law of demand: when the price of a good falls, the quantity demanded rises, ceteris paribus.
- Movement along the demand curve (change in quantity demanded) occurs when the good’s own price changes.
- A shift of the demand curve (change in demand) is caused by non-price factors such as income, tastes, population, or prices of related goods.

2. Step-by-step reasoning
- Option c: A decrease in the price of milk is precisely the own-price change that, by the law of demand, causes consumers to purchase more milk (higher quantity demanded). This is what is meant by an “expansion in demand” in many contexts: an expansion (increase) in quantity demanded due to a lower price.
- Option b: A general increase in consumers’ income (if milk is a normal good) would shift the demand curve outward (an increase in demand). That is a demand shift, not an expansion along the curve caused by the good’s own price change. Although it increases demand, the phrasing “expansion in demand” in standard microeconomics usually refers to movement along the curve from a price change.
- Option a: A rise in temperature could change preferences and possibly affect demand for some dairy products, but its effect is ambiguous and is a non-price factor that would shift — not expand along — the demand curve.
- Option d: A decline in population would reduce the number of consumers and thus decrease demand, the opposite effect.

3. Intermediate steps / logic demonstration
- Start: initial price P1 and quantity Q1.
- If price falls to P2 < P1, by the law of demand quantity rises to Q2 > Q1.
- This change (P1 → P2, Q1 → Q2) is an expansion in quantity demanded due to price decrease.

4. Why the correct answer is correct
- The correct choice (c) directly alters the good’s own price and therefore produces the increased quantity demanded described by “expansion in demand.”

5. Why other options are incorrect (brief)
- a: Ambiguous non-price effect (shift, not expansion along curve).
- b: Income change causes a demand shift (increase), not an expansion caused by price change; context of question implies own-price movement.
- d: Population decline would reduce demand.

Conclusion: The correct answer is c. A decrease in the price of milk. This matches the provided answer.

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