Question at position 2 Which of the following is the functional unit of the kidney?Renal pelvisMedullaCortexCollecting ductNephron单项选择题
A
Renal pelvis
B
Medulla
C
Cortex
D
Collecting duct
E
Nephron

Question

Question at position 2 Which of the following is the functional unit of the kidney?Renal pelvisMedullaCortexCollecting ductNephron

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

When evaluating a question about the kidney's structure, it helps to recall the hierarchical organization of renal anatomy.
Option 1: Renal pelvis — This is the funnel-shaped cavity that collects urine from the calyces and passes it into the ureter. It is a collecting area, not the functional unit responsible for filtration and processing.
Option 2: Medulla — The medulla is a region of the kidney containing tubules and collecting ducts, but it is a broader area rather than the single functional unit that performs filtration and reabsorption.
Option 3: Cortex — The cortex houses many nephrons and glomeruli, but saying it is the functional unit would be inaccurate because the cortex is a region, whereas the functional unit is a specific structure that carries out filtration and urine formation.
Option 4: Collecting duct — This tubule system transports urine from the nephrons to the renal pelvis. It participates in water reabsorption and concentration of urine but is not the basic functional unit.
Option 5: Nephron — The nephron is the fundamental structural and functional unit of the kidney. Each nephron filters blood, forms filtrate, reabsorbs substances, and secretes others to produce urine, which then passes through the collecting system. It integrates glomerular filtration with tubular processing to accomplish urine formation.

Question at position 2 Which of the following is the functional unit of the kidney?Renal pelvisMedullaCortexCollecting ductNephron单项选择题

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