The change in an object’s momentum is equal to

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks about the relation between momentum change and force over time, which is the impulse-momentum concept.
Option 1: 'the net external force divided by the time interval.' This is incorrect because dividing force by time would yield a quantity with units of power over velocity, not momentum change. The momentum change is proportional to the force times the time interval, not force divided by time.
Option 2: 'the product of the mass of the object and the time interval.' Mass times time interval has units of mass·time and represents nothing directly tied to momentum change; momentum change involves velocity change, not mass alone multiplied by time. So this is not correct.
Option 3: 'the product of the force applied to the object and the time interval.' This matches the impulse relation: impulse equals F Δt, which equals the change in momentum. The conceptual link is that a force applied over a duration changes the object's momentum by that amount.
Option 4: 'the time interval divided by the net external force.' This inverted relation does not correspond to impulse or momentum change and has incorrect units, making it incorrect.
In summary, the only option that aligns with the impulse-momentum theorem F Δt = Δp is Option 3, the product of the force and the time interval.

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