Which hormone is responsible for decreasing immune function, reducing fluid leaking out of capillaries (reducing edema), and is important for development in fetuses?单项选择题
A
Erythropoietin
B
Cortisol
C
Prolactin
D
Luteinizing hormone

Question

Which hormone is responsible for decreasing immune function, reducing fluid leaking out of capillaries (reducing edema), and is important for development in fetuses?

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

To tackle this question, I’ll evaluate what each hormone does in the body and see which one aligns with all three described effects.
Option 1: Erythropoietin. This hormone primarily stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow in response to hypoxia. It is not known for decreasing immune function, reducing capillary edema, or playing a key role in fetal development, so this choice does not match the given facts.
Option 2: Cortisol. This glucocorticoid has broad anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions, which explain the decreased immune function. It also stabilizes capillary membranes and reduces vascular permeability, thereby helping to limit edema formation. In fetal development, cortisol is important for maturation of several organs, notably accelerating fetal lung development and surfactant production, which supports fetal maturation processes. Taken together, this option fits all three described roles.
Option 3: Prolactin. Prolactin is best known for promoting lactation and has other roles in metabolism and immune modulation, but it is not chiefly associated with reducing edema or driving fetal development in the sense described here, making it an unlikely match for all three effects.
Option 4: Luteinizing hormone. LH is primarily involved in triggering ovulation and supporting steroidogenesis in the gonads. Its functions do not include immunosuppression, edema modification, or key involvement in fetal development, so this option does not align with the stated effects.
In summary, among the listed hormones, cortisol uniquely accounts for immune suppression, reduced capillary permeability to limit edema, and crucial involvement in fetal development, especially prenatal organ maturation.

Which hormone is responsible for decreasing immune function, reducing fluid leaking out of capillaries (reducing edema), and is important for development in fetuses?单项选择题

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