Which of the following statements concerning the past and present importance of salt in human societies is FALSE?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Iodization of salt, not ordinary sodium chloride, prevents goiter and the intellectual disabilities associated with severe iodine deficiency. Key knowledge points: (1) iodine is an essential trace element required for thyroid hormone synthesis; (2) iodine deficiency causes endemic goiter and, in severe cases (especially during fetal/early childhood development), cretinism and intellectual impairment; (3) adding iodine to table salt (universal salt iodization) began in the early 20th century and is what reduced these disorders worldwide; and (4) plain salt without iodine does not correct iodine deficiency.

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. The statement claims salt “can reduce goiters and decrease the incidence of intellectual disabilities.” Interpret “salt” as common sodium chloride as historically used. Plain salt contains negligible iodine unless naturally iodized by local soils or deliberately iodized.
2. Iodine deficiency is the specific cause of endemic goiter and related intellectual deficits. Therefore an iodine source is required to reduce those conditions.
3. Public-health success in reducing goiter came after intentional iodization programs (first implemented in various countries in the early 20th century), not from ordinary salt use alone.
4. Conclusion: because the statement fails to distinguish iodized salt from plain salt, it is false.

Why the other options are correct (briefly):
- Salt as a primary preservative before refrigeration: true — salting cured and preserved meat and fish across cultures.  
- China centralizing salt production and taxing salt: historically accurate — Chinese states early on created salt monopolies and taxes to raise revenue for the state.  
- Salt used to treat wounds and important for military logistics: true — saline and salt’s antiseptic/drying properties made it important for armies.  
- Salt gathering and trade in the Mediterranean from Roman times through the Renaissance: true — salt routes and production (e.g., salt pans) were economically crucial.

Therefore the false statement is the one about salt reducing goiters and intellectual disabilities (it requires iodized salt). This matches the provided correct answer.

Which of the following statements concerning the past and present importance of salt in human societies is FALSE?单项选择题

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