As blood vessel length increases without a change in vessel diameter, what changes occur?

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

The question asks what happens to hemodynamics when blood vessel length increases while diameter remains constant.
Option 1: Friction decreases with no change in flow or resistance. This is not supported by the physics of longer tubes; increasing length raises resistance and typically affects flow, not reducing friction independently. So this is inaccurate.
Option 2: Resistance increases and flow decreases. This aligns with the principle that resistance in a long, narrow tube grows with length (Poiseuille's law), and with a higher resistance at the same pressure gradient, flow must decline. This option correctly captures the expected relationship.
Option 3: Both resistance and flow increase. Increased length should not cause flow to rise; as resistance goes up, flow tends to go down under a given driving pressure, so this is incorrect.
Option 4: Resistance increases with no change in flow or friction. While resistance does increase with length, flow does not stay unchanged under a constant pressure gradient; it typically decreases. Also, friction (shear) is not guaranteed to remain unchanged with increased length, so this statement is flawed.
Option 5: Flow decreases with no change in resistance or friction. Since resistance increases with greater length, it is inconsistent to claim resistance remains unchanged; therefore this option is false.
In summary, the only option that coherently describes the direct effect of increased length at constant diameter—higher resistance accompanied by reduced flow—is Option 2: Resistance increases and flow decreases.

As blood vessel length increases without a change in vessel diameter, what changes occur?单项选择题

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