Compared to healthy controls individuals with Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD):

Question

BlackTom AI · Accepted Answer

Individuals with Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) evaluate their appearance more negatively and are preoccupied with perceived defects. Key concepts: BDD is a psychiatric disorder characterized by an excessive preoccupation with one or more perceived flaws in physical appearance, negative self-schemas about attractiveness, selective attention to perceived defects, and repetitive safety or checking behaviors (mirror checking, camouflaging, reassurance seeking, rumination).

Step-by-step reasoning:
1. Cognitive-behavioral models posit that people with BDD hold dysfunctional appearance beliefs (e.g., “I am ugly” or “Others will notice my defect”) that bias interpretation of normal features toward negative evaluation. This leads to persistent negative judgments about one’s appearance.
2. Selective attention and misinterpretation amplify minor or imagined flaws, producing stronger negative evaluations than seen in healthy controls who generally view their appearance more neutrally or positively.
3. Consequent behaviors (mirror gazing, comparisons, avoidance, repetitive review of appearance-related memories) increase distress and maintain the negative evaluation via reinforcement and rumination.
4. Empirical findings consistently show higher levels of body dissatisfaction, negative appearance evaluation, and anxiety/distress associated with mirror-checking among BDD patients compared to controls.

Why the correct choice is correct:
- “Evaluate appearance more negatively” directly describes the core cognitive feature of BDD: persistent negative appraisal of one’s looks relative to healthy controls.

Why other options are incorrect:
- “Undervalue their physical appearance and attractiveness” is misleading: BDD involves overvaluation of appearance’s importance and a belief that one is flawed, not a benign undervaluing of appearance.
- “Experience less anxiety and discomfort after mirror gazing” is false; mirror gazing typically increases anxiety, distress, or leads to repeated checking.
- “Engage in fewer reviews of past-appearance related experiences” contradicts evidence of increased rumination and repetitive review in BDD.

In conclusion, the correct answer—Evaluate appearance more negatively—matches the established clinical and theoretical understanding of BDD and agrees with the provided answer.

Compared to healthy controls individuals with Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD):单项选择题

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